Liquid dispensing system

ABSTRACT

A liquid dispensing apparatus for applying liquid products to row crops. The liquid dispensing apparatus includes a plurality of drop assemblies supported by and laterally spaced along a boom structure and pivotal with respect thereto. Each of the drop assemblies includes dribble hoses for dribbling a liquid product onto the soil in a rhizosphere of adjacent crop rows. The drop assemblies may include a spray assembly for spraying the row crops.

BACKGROUND

In modern farming practices, broadcast applications of fertilizers or other liquid products to assist plant growth are common practice. For example, applying starter fertilizers at planting in furrow or subsurface presents an opportunity to assist plant nutrient needs for a short period of time, and in very limited amounts. Moreover, world goals of an average corn yield of 300 bushels per acre and average soybean yields of 100 bushels per acre have been suggested to help support the ever-growing population's food and energy needs. Agronomic specialists are developing new genetics in grains, creating genetic potential to achieve these higher yield goals. However, conventional liquid product application systems are useful only at the beginning of the plant's life and, especially when used later in a plant's life, create a significant amount of waste as they spray liquid products in the air above the plants. Thus, conventional broadcast applications of liquid products do not allow for the level of fertilization needed for new genetic plant nutrient needs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an illustrative liquid dispensing system in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view of an illustrative liquid placement apparatus in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 2B depicts a partial view of an illustrative drop assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 2C is a partial, exploded view of the illustrative drop assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of an illustrative drop assembly, shown in a first position, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the illustrative drop assembly of FIG. 3A, shown in a second position, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 4A is an exploded, perspective view of an illustrative coupling assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 4B is an assembled, perspective view of the illustrative coupling assembly of FIG. 4A in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded, perspective view of an illustrative base assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 6 is an assembled, perspective view of an illustrative base assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 7A is a bottom view of an illustrative upper portion of a base assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 7B is a side view of the illustrative upper portion of FIG. 7A in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 7C is a front, outline view of the illustrative upper portion of FIGS. 7A and 7B in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 8A is a top view of an illustrative lower portion of a base assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 8B is a side view of the illustrative lower portion of FIG. 8A in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 9A is an assembled, perspective view of an illustrative flow regulator in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 9B is an exploded, perspective view of the illustrative flow regulator of FIG. 9A in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an illustrative elbow assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 11 is a partial, upper-perspective view of an illustrative lower portion of a base assembly, showing an elbow assembly disposed therein, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an alternative configuration for an illustrative liquid placement apparatus in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a front perspective view of an embodiment of a breakaway mounting assembly.

FIG. 14 is a rear perspective view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a side elevation view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 13.

FIG. 16 is a rear elevation view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 13.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a breakaway mounting assembly for the liquid placement apparatus.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged rear perspective view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 17.

FIG. 20 is a side elevation view of the breakaway mounting assembly of FIG. 17 showing the drop assembly pivoting from the normal position to the breakaway position in phantom lines.

FIG. 21 is a rea perspective view of another embodiment of a breakaway mounting assembly.

DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the invention allow for efficiencies in fertilizer usage and higher yield potential by creating the ability to feed plants just prior to the plants' specific crop nutrient needs, thereby helping the genetics to reach their full potential. Embodiments of the invention include a liquid placement apparatus that places the nutrients near the rhizosphere in a moisture zone for the process of mineralization. Nutrients can either be taken in by the plants by mass flow or diffusion, thereby minimizing the environmental footprint left during fertilizer application. By implementing embodiments of the invention, an early time line of opportunity of application is achieved and ranges from the early vegetative stages of a plant's life to the middle reproductive stages of the plant's life. This range creates a large window of opportunity for applicators to achieve new levels of fertilization for higher yields and to achieve more efficient use of fertilizer, thereby reducing surface contamination.

Turning to FIG. 1, an illustrative liquid dispensing system 10 is depicted in a perspective view. As shown in FIG. 1, the illustrative liquid dispensing system 10 includes a carrier 12 that supports a liquid dispensing apparatus 14. According to various embodiments, the carrier 12 can be of any number of different configurations. For example, in some embodiments and as illustrated in FIG. 1, the carrier 12 can be a tractor that includes its own propulsion technology and to which the liquid dispensing apparatus 14 is directly coupled. In other embodiments, the carrier 12 can be a trailer, or other towable vehicle, to which the liquid dispensing apparatus 14 is attached. In these embodiments, the carrier 12 can be towed by an independent tractor. Any number of different configurations for the carrier 12 are possible and all of these are considered to be within the ambit of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid dispensing apparatus 14 may include a boom 16 (often referred to as a “toolbar”). A number of liquid placement apparatuses 18 may be coupled to the boom 16 and may extend downward therefrom (e.g., when the boom 16 is in a fully extended position). Each of the liquid placement apparatuses 18 receives a liquid product from a tank 15 that is supported by the carrier 12. The liquid product is transferred from the tank 15 to a liquid placement apparatus 18 via one or more distribution hoses 19 that may be disposed along the boom 16. Any type and number of suitable distribution hoses 19 may be utilized and any type of suitable pumping mechanism (not illustrated for the purposes of brevity and clarity of description) may be employed to transfer the liquid product from the tank 15 to the distribution hoses 19, and thereby, to the liquid placement apparatuses 18. In example embodiments, the liquid placement apparatuses 18 may attach to a boom 16 as shown in the figures and described above, however, this is not meant to limit the invention. For example, the liquid placement apparatuses 18 may be attached to any suitable structure such as, but not limited to, a side-dress applicator, a cultivator, an opener, a planter row unit, a shank, a chisel, and/or an opener disk. In other words, the liquid placement apparatuses 18 may be attached in a spaced relation to any suitable structure which is supported at a height above the row crop including, by way of example, a boom, frame toolbar, or an attachment to a planter row unit, or any number of ground working tools such as the shank, chisel, and opener disk.

According to various embodiments, the boom 16 can be of any number of different lengths and of any number of different configurations. For example, common boom 16 lengths include 60 feet, 90 feet, and 100 feet. Any other boom 16 length could be employed, as well, in accordance with embodiments of the invention. The boom 16 is attached to the carrier 12 using any number of attachment technologies including, for example, a z-bracket mechanism. In embodiments, the boom 16 can be attached in front of the carrier 12 or behind the carrier 12. According to various embodiments of the invention, the carrier 12 includes the ability to raise the boom 16 to a height that is high enough to allow the carrier 12 to turn on the end of a field in a standing crop without injuring the standing crop. In other embodiments, portions of the boom 16 can be folded upwardly, and out of the way of the standing crops, as described below.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the boom 16 includes a center section 17 a, that is mounted to the carrier 12, and two wing sections 17 b and 17 c. In some embodiments, the wing sections 17 b and 17 c can be designed to fold at joints 17 d and 17 e, respectively. The foldable design allows for space-efficient storing of the system 10. Additionally, the wing sections 17 b and 17 c can be optionally folded (e.g., upwardly) during a turn-around action at the end of a crop row. It will be understood by individuals having skill in the relevant arts that foldable wings sections 17 b and 17 c can be useful in that, when the carrier 12 reaches an end of a crop row, the wing sections 17 b and 17 c can be folded upwardly, thereby moving the wing sections 17 b and 17 c, and any hardware attached thereto, out of the way of the crops at the end of the crop row as the carrier 12 is turned around to go down an adjacent crop row in the opposite direction.

Turning now to FIG. 2A, an illustrative liquid placement apparatus 18 is depicted in a perspective view. As shown, the liquid placement apparatus includes a base assembly 20 that is coupled to a lower end of a drop assembly 22. The drop assembly 22 is adjustably coupled to the boom 16 using a coupling assembly 24. The liquid placement apparatus 18 further includes a hose assembly 26 that facilitates transferring liquid product from the distribution hose 19 associated with the boom 16 to the base assembly 20, which includes two dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b extending therefrom through which the liquid product is delivered to the ground.

As shown in FIGS. 2A-2C, 3A, and 3B, the drop assembly 22 includes an upper portion 32 and a lower portion 34, flexibly coupled together using a cable 35 that is disposed within the upper portion 32 and the lower portion 34. In embodiments, the cable 35 can be secured to the inside of each of the upper portion 32 and the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 by crimping the cable 35 in place at crimps 36 and 38, respectively. In other embodiments, any number of other mechanisms can be used to couple the cable 35 to the upper 32 and lower 34 portions of the drop assembly 22. Additionally, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A-2C, 3A, and 3B, the drop assembly 22 includes a gap 40 between the upper portion 32 and the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22. The gap 40 allows the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 to move relative to the upper portion 32 such as, for example, when an obstacle is encountered. According to various embodiments of the invention, the gap 40 can be of any desired size (e.g., ½ inch, ¾ inch, 1 inch, etc.).

Turning to FIGS. 3A and 3B, an illustrative drop assembly 22 is depicted in two perspective views, in two different positions, according to embodiments of the invention. In a first position, illustrated in FIG. 3A, the drop assembly 22 is oriented substantially vertically and the upper 32 and lower 34 portions of the drop assembly 22 are substantially aligned, providing a roughly straight drop assembly 22. The cable 35 extends across the gap 40, thereby providing a flex point at which the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 can move (e.g., flex, tilt, etc.) into a second position, illustrated in FIG. 3B, when the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 or the base assembly 20 encounters a foreign structure such as, for example, a standing crop or field obstructions such as rocks, posts, gullies or ravines.

The upper portion 32 and the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 can be of any number of different lengths and configurations. In an embodiment, for example, the upper 32 and lower 34 portions together make a drop assembly 22 that is 18 inches to 30 inches long. Depending upon the particular application, the drop assembly 22 can be shorter than 18 inches and, in some embodiments, the drop assembly can be longer than 30 inches. In some embodiments, the upper 32 and lower 34 portions of the drop assembly 22 can include ¾ inch pipe flexibly coupled to one another using a ⅝ inch cable 35 that is crimped inside of the upper 32 and lower 34 portions. In some embodiments, the upper portion 32 and the lower portion 34 can be flexibly coupled to one another using any number of other coupling mechanisms including, for example, hinges, pivots, rotational coupling mechanisms, and the like, such that the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 can move relative to the upper portion 32 when the lower portion 34 encounters an obstacle such as, for example, a standing crop, as shown in FIG. 3B.

Returning now to FIG. 2, the drop assembly 22 is adjustably coupled to the boom 16 using a coupling assembly 24 that couples the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16 at a drop location 22 a. According to various embodiments, any number of drop assemblies 22 can be coupled to the boom 16, with any desired amount of spacing provided between adjacent drop assemblies 22. According to embodiments, the boom 16 includes a number of drop assemblies 22 extending downwardly therefrom, where each drop assembly 22 extends downwardly from the boom 16 at a drop location 22 a. In some embodiments, for example, the boom 16 includes a drop location 22 a at every 15-48 inches, depending upon the configuration of the boom 16.

Turning now to FIGS. 4A and 4B, an illustrative coupling assembly 24 is illustrated in an exploded view (FIG. 4A) and in an assembled view (FIG. 4B). The illustrative coupling assembly 24 is just one example of a suitable coupling assembly in accordance with embodiments of the invention. In embodiments, other types of coupling assemblies can be used and in some embodiments, the coupling assembly 24 can include features or configurations not described herein. The illustrative coupling assembly 24, illustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B allows for adjusting the placement of the coupling assembly (and therefore, the drop assembly 22) along the boom 16 (e.g., the coupling assembly 24 allows for determining a drop location 22 a with minimal effort).

As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the illustrative coupling assembly 24 includes a bracket 42, having a number of slots 46 a, 46 b, 46 c, and 46 d disposed therein, and U-bolts 48, 50, 52, and 54 that are configured to be coupled to the bracket 42, and around the boom 16 and the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22, thereby removably attaching the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16. With particular reference to FIG. 4A, the bracket 42 includes a body 44, in which is disposed the slots 46 a, 46 b, 46 c, and 46 d, which, in some embodiments, are generally L-shaped, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. According to various embodiments, the body 44 of the bracket 42 is substantially flat and substantially circular in shape and is configured such that each L-shaped slot 46 a, 46 b, 46 c, and 46 d is roughly disposed within a quadrant of the circularly-shaped body 44, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. In some embodiments, the body 44 can include any number of other types of shapes. Similarly, in embodiments, the slots 46 can include shapes other than L-shapes such as, for example, S-shapes, T-shapes, and the like. According to various embodiments, the slots 46 a, 46 b, 46 c, and 46 d are evenly spaced around the bracket 44 and can be particularly spaced apart to correspond to the widths of the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and the boom 16.

As is shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, in operation, the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 is aligned in a perpendicular orientation with the boom 16 and the bracket 42 is disposed between the upper portion 32 and the boom 16. As is illustrated in FIG. 4B, the bracket 42 is positioned such that a first pair of L-shaped slots 46 a and 46 b is exposed on a first side of the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and a second pair of L-shaped slots 46 c and 46 d is exposed on a second side of the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22.

In this mounting position, a first portion 46 e of the first slot 46 a is oriented substantially parallel to the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and connects with a second portion 46 f, at a lower end of the first portion 46 e. The second portion 46 f of the first slot 46 a extends from the lower end of the first portion 46 e outwardly, in a direction that is substantially parallel to the boom 16. Similarly, but in what is essentially a reflected orientation, in the mounting position, the second slot 46 b includes a first portion 46 g that is substantially parallel to the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and connects with a second portion 46 h, at an upper end of the first portion 46 g. The second portion 46 h of the second slot 46 b extends from the upper end of the first portion 46 g outwardly, in a direction that is substantially parallel to the boom 16. Also in the mounting position, a first portion 46 i of the third slot 46 c is oriented substantially parallel to the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and connects with a second portion 46 j, at a lower end of the first portion 46 i. The second portion 46 j of the third slot 46 c extends from the lower end of the first portion 46 i outwardly, in a direction that is substantially parallel to the boom 16. Similarly, but in what is essentially a reflected orientation, in the mounting position, the fourth slot 46 d includes a first portion 46 k that is substantially parallel to the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and connects with a second portion 46 l, at an upper end of the first portion 46 k. The second portion 46 l of the fourth slot 46 d extends from the upper end of the first portion 46 k outwardly, in a direction that is substantially parallel to the boom 16.

With particular reference to FIG. 4A, to adjustably secure the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16, a set of adjustable U-bolts 48, 50, 52, and 54 are utilized. Each U-bolt 48, 50, 52, and 54 is roughly shaped like a “U.” That is, for example, a first U-bolt 48 includes a first arm 48 a and a second arm 48 b that are parallel to one another and that each have threads disposed toward the outside end of the arm 48 a and 48 b. A curved mid-portion 48 c extends between the inside ends of the first arm 48 a and the second arm 48 b, thereby defining a U-shaped bolt 48. Similarly, a second U-bolt 50 includes threaded parallel arm portions 50 a and 50 b connected by a curved mid-portion 50 c; a third U-bolt 52 includes threaded parallel arm portions 52 a and 52 b connected by a curved mid-portion 52 c; and a fourth U-bolt 54 includes threaded parallel arm portions 54 a and 54 b connected by a curved mid-portion 54 c.

As illustrated in FIG. 4B, to secure the bracket 42 to the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and the boom 16, the first U-bolt 48 is inserted through the back 42 b of the bracket 42 such that the first arm member 48 a passes through the first portion 46 i of the third slot 46 d, the second arm member 48 b passes through the first portion 46 e of the first slot 46 a, and the mid-portion 48 c of the first U-bolt 48 wraps around the outside (back) side of the upper portion 32 of the arm assembly 22. A first nut 55 a is screwed onto the first arm member 48 a and secured against the front side 42 a of the bracket 42, and a second nut 55 b is screwed onto the second arm member 48 b of the first U-bolt 48 and secured against the front side 42 a of the bracket 42, thereby holding the first U-bolt 48 in place. As shown, in embodiments one or more washers 55 c can be disposed between the nuts 55 a and 55 b and the bracket 42.

Similarly, the second U-bolt 50 is inserted through the back 42 b of the bracket 42 such that the first arm member 50 a of the second U-bolt 50 passes through the first portion 46 k of the fourth slot 46 d, the second arm member 50 b passes through the first portion 46 g of the second slot 46 b, and the mid-portion 50 c of the second U-bolt 50 wraps around the outside (back) side of the upper portion 32 of the arm assembly 22. A third nut 55 d is screwed onto the first arm member 50 a and secured against the front side 42 a of the bracket 42, and a fourth nut 55 e is screwed onto the second arm member 50 b of the second U-bolt 50 and secured against the front side 42 a of the bracket 42, thereby holding the second U-bolt 50 in place.

As shown in FIG. 4B, the first and second U-bolts 48 and 50 adjustably couple the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 to the back side 42 b of the bracket 42. Similarly, the third and fourth U-bolts 52 and 54 adjustably couple the boom 16 to the front side 42 a of the bracket 42, as described here. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the third U-bolt 52 is inserted through the front 42 a of the bracket 42 such that the first arm member 52 a of the third U-bolt 52 passes through the second portion 46 j of the third slot 46 c, the second arm member 52 b passes through the second portion 46 l of the fourth slot 46 d, and the mid-portion 52 c of the second U-bolt 52 wraps around the inside (front) side of the boom 16. A fifth nut 55 f is screwed onto the first arm member 52 a and secured against the back side 42 b of the bracket 42, and a sixth nut 55 g is screwed onto the second arm member 52 b of the third U-bolt 52 and secured against the back side 42 b of the bracket 42, thereby holding the third U-bolt 52 in place.

Similarly, the fourth U-bolt 54 is inserted through the back 42 b of the bracket 42 such that the first arm member 54 a of the fourth U-bolt 54 passes through the second portion 46 f of the first slot 46 a, the second arm member 54 b passes through the second portion 46 h of the second slot 46 b, and the mid-portion 54 c of the second U-bolt 54 wraps around the inside (front) side of the boom 16. A seventh nut 55 h is screwed onto the first arm member 54 a and secured against the back side 42 b of the bracket 42, and an eighth nut 55 h is screwed onto the second arm member 54 b of the fourth U-bolt 54 and secured against the back side 42 b of the bracket 42, thereby holding the fourth U-bolt 54 in place. In this manner, the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 is adjustably and removably coupled to the boom 16.

Turning now to FIG. 5, an illustrative base assembly 20 is depicted in an exploded, perspective view. According to various embodiments of the invention, the base assembly 20 is a roughly triangle-shaped unit. The front 20 a of the base assembly 20 leads the assembly 20 through the terrain so that the base assembly 20 can push through crops and other obstacles. In embodiments, the base assembly 20 is constructed from polypropylene plastic and, in embodiments, incorporates a grid-based design that is engineered for strength, weight distribution and durability. According to various embodiments, the base assembly 20 travels between approximately 6 inches and approximately 8 inches above the ground surface as the carrier 12 (see FIG. 1) moves through the crop rows, but can still be effective as high as 28 inches above the ground surface. Each base assembly 20 travels independently through a crop row and that crop row acts as a guide for the base assembly 20 to follow in contours and uneven topography. The liquid placement apparatus 18 has the capacity to dribble on the surface 1 to 50 gallons of product within 3 inches on both sides of plant rows. According to embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 1, the liquid placement apparatuses 18 are mounted on the boom 16 with approximately 6 inches of space between each of the base assemblies 20. In other embodiments, the apparatuses 18 are configured to allow a different amount of space between base assemblies 20.

As shown in FIG. 5, the base assembly 20 is manufactured in two injected molded pieces: an upper portion 70 and a lower portion 72. The upper portion 70 and lower portion 72 of the base assembly 20 are coupled using fastening devices such as, for example, a number of screws 73. The base assembly 20 is coupled to the bottom of the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 using a fastening device such as, for example, a 5/16×1.5 inch shoulder bolt 74. In other embodiments, other types or sizes of bolts or other fasteners can be used to attach the base assembly 20 to the drop assembly 22. In an embodiment, the bolt 74 is disposed approximately 1 inch from the bottom of the base assembly 20 and can be secured to the lower portion 34 of the drop assembly 22 using a nut (not illustrated).

With particular reference to FIGS. 5 and 7A-7C, the upper portion 70 of the base assembly includes a back wall 76 and a parallel, opposed front wall 78. Angled side walls 80 extend from the ends of the front wall 78 toward the ends of the back wall 76, which is longer than the front wall 78. In some embodiments, the back wall 76 is significantly longer than the front wall 78, thereby providing for a wider base angle 79. In an embodiment, the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 does not include a front wall 78, but rather, comes to a point in the front. A pair of parallel, opposed wall segments 82 extend between the back ends 84 of the side walls 80 and the ends 86 of the back wall 76, thereby forming a roughly triangular frame 88. An upper panel 90 is disposed over the frame 88. As is further illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 7A, a wing 92 is attached to the back wall 76 and extends outwardly from the back wall 76, along the length of the back wall 76. Additionally, a number of apertures 94 are disposed within the upper panel 90. The apertures 94 are adapted to receive the screws 73 with which the base assembly 20 is assembled.

With particular reference to FIG. 7A, disposed within the frame 88 of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 is an upper grid 100. In embodiments, the upper grid 100 includes a first set of ribs 102, which extend between the two sidewalls 80, parallel to the back wall 76. A second set of ribs 104 intersects the first set of ribs 102 and each of the second set of ribs 104 extends between the back wall 76 and a sidewall 80, in an orientation substantially perpendicular to the back wall 76 (and, thus, the first set of ribs 102), and in the configuration illustrated. As shown in FIG. 7A, the apertures 94 extend through ribs 102 or 104, thereby allowing the screws 73 to pass through the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 into the lower portion 72.

Additionally, a number of the ribs 102 and 104 toward the back 20 b of the base assembly have channels (e.g., portions cut away) 114 disposed therein for allowing tubing to be disposed therethrough, as described in more detail below. The upper grid 100 corresponds to a lower grid 130. The grids 100 and 130 are engineered to reduce breakage of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 upon impact with a foreign structure. Additionally, the designs of the grids 100 and 130 help to distribute the weight of the base assembly 20 in a manner that allows for the base assembly 20 to be moved through crop fields at reasonable speeds such as, for example, speeds ranging from about 1 mph to about 12 mph, while allowing the drop assembly 22 to hang in a reasonably vertical configuration. In embodiments, the weight of the base assembly 20 is distributed such that the base assembly is oriented with its front 20 a end angled slightly upward (and thereby causing the drop assembly 22 to hang somewhat forward) while at rest, allowing the drop assembly 22 to move to a substantially vertical position as the speed of the carrier 12 increases and the carrier moves through the field.

According to various embodiments, the width 106 of the back wall 76 of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 can have any desired dimension. In embodiments, for example, the width 106 a varies from about 9 inches to about 32 inches. It will be appreciated by individuals having skill in the relevant arts that the length 108 a of the mold varies in relation to the width 106. In some embodiments, the widths 106 a and 106 b of the molds 70 and 72 are determined for a specific plant row width. According to various implementations, each base width 106 a and 106 b is designed to allow for 6 inches of total clearance—e.g., 3 inches of clearance on each side of the base assembly 20. This clearance between the base assembly 20 and the crop row allows the base assembly 20 to move between crop rows without damaging the crops in those crop rows.

With particular reference to FIG. 7C, the height 110 of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20 varies between the two sidewalls 80. As shown in FIG. 7C, the height 110 is beveled upward in the center front 111 of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly. The beveled upper portion 70 design allows neighboring base assemblies, when the machine is engaged, to not tangle with each other and allows base assemblies to slide off of each other if needed. Entanglement can happen, for example, when the boom 16 (or a portion thereof) is raised to allow the machine to turn at the end of a crop row. When the boom 16 is lowered, the standing crop may initially misalign the base assemblies until a short distance is traveled, whereby the design of the base assemblies allows the base assemblies to realign themselves. Additionally, the wing 92, which in embodiments, can extend approximately 1.5 inches from the back wall 76, protects neighboring base assemblies from catching on an elbow 160 a or 160 b (described in more detail below) when the base assemblies are realigned in the crop rows upon turnaround alignment from the row change.

Turning now to FIGS. 5, 8A and 8B, the lower portion 72 of the base assembly 20 includes a frame 120 defined by a back wall 122, a front wall 124, two angled sidewalls 126, and two parallel wall segments 128, as shown. The shape of the frame 120 is roughly triangular and, in embodiments, is substantially similar to the shape of the frame 88 of the upper portion 70 of the base assembly 20. In some embodiments, the upper portion 70 and the lower portion 72 are configured such that the two portions 70 and 72 are flush along the sides when attached. A lower panel 129 extends over the bottom side of the frame 120. As shown in FIG. 8B, the lower panel 129 includes a bevel 129 a extending from the front 72 a of the lower portion 72 toward the rear 72 b of the lower portion 72. In some embodiments, the bevel 129 a can extend the entire length of the lower panel 129 (that is, the lower panel 129 itself could be angled downward from the front 72 a toward the rear 72 b), while in other embodiments (such as the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8B), the bevel 129 a extends for only a portion of the length of the lower panel 129. The bevel 129 a helps the base assembly 20 move through crop rows more smoothly by facilitating deflection of encountered obstacles.

As is shown in FIG. 8A, the lower grid 130 is disposed within the frame 120 (and coupled to the lower panel 129). The lower grid 130 includes a first set of ribs 132 that extends between the two sidewalls 126 and a second set of ribs 134 that intersects the first set of ribs 132 in a substantially perpendicular orientation. As illustrated, each of the second set of ribs 134 extends between the back wall 122 and a sidewall 126. As shown in FIG. 8A, the lower portion 72 of the base assembly includes a number of apertures 136 that extend through ribs 132 or 134, thereby allowing the screws 73 to pass into the lower portion 72. Additionally, a number of the ribs 132 or 134 toward the back 20 b of the base assembly have channels (e.g., portions cut away) 138 disposed therein. The channels 138 match the channels 114 of the upper portion 70 such that, when the base assembly 20 is assembled, a pair of throughways 140 (see FIG. 11, which illustrates one throughway 140 of the pair) are provided within the base assembly 20 for allowing tubing to be disposed therethrough, as described in more detail below.

Returning briefly to FIG. 1, a liquid product is delivered to crop rows, in embodiments of the invention, using a number of liquid placement apparatuses 18 that extend downwardly from a boom 16 attached to a carrier having a storage tank 15 and transfer pump (not illustrated herein for the purposes of clarity and brevity). The liquid product is pumped from the tank 15 into the distribution hose 19. The pump can be any type of conventional pump with the ability to provide enough liquid product as prescribed for the application intended.

According to embodiments of the invention, and with reference to FIG. 2A, the liquid product travels through the distribution hose 19 and into the hose assembly 26 near the drop location 22 a. As illustrated in FIGS. 2A, 5, and 6, the hose assembly 26 includes an upper hose assembly 142 a that extends along the drop assembly 22 and that is attached, at an upper end 144 to an n-orifice outlet 146 using a connector 148 adapted to be relatively easily coupled to the n-orifice outlet 146. According to embodiments, the upper hose assembly 142 a is a ⅜ diameter hose. In other embodiments, hoses of different diameters can be used to optimize liquid product flow for the particular configuration. At a lower end 150 of the upper hose assembly 142 a, a y-splitter 152 couples the upper hose assembly 142 a to a lower hose assembly 142 b.

In embodiments, the upper hose assembly 142 a is attached to the back of the drop assembly 22 using fasteners 142 c, as shown in FIG. 2, to protect the upper hose assembly 142 a form damage caused by encountering debris from the crop row. In embodiments, the upper hose assembly 142 a is disposed outside of the drop assembly 22 for convenience of replacement. The fasteners 142 c can include any type of fastening device such as clamps, ties, and the like. In other embodiments, the upper hose assembly 142 a can be disposed within the drop assembly 22 for added protection. In further embodiments, a removable cover (not illustrated) can be disposed over the upper hose assembly 142 a to protect the upper hose assembly 142 a from damage.

Turning briefly to FIG. 12, an alternative embodiment of an upper hose assembly 200 is depicted. As shown in FIG. 12, the upper hose assembly 200 includes two hoses 202 and 204, each of which is coupled to an n-orifice outlet 206. This configuration can be useful, for example, where an operator wishes to use fewer liquid placement apparatuses 18 (see FIG. 1). As illustrated, the hoses 202 and 204 are disposed along the sides of the drop assembly 208 and are coupled to secondary hoses 210 and 212, respectively, using flow regulators 214 and 216, respectively. It should be understood that, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12, a y-splitter is not needed, as the liquid product flow is delivered to the upper hose assembly 200 in two different channels 202 and 204 initially. In embodiments, a removable cover can be disposed over the upper hose assembly 200 to protect from damage caused by encountering debris in a crop row. Other configurations and implementations can be utilized, as well.

With reference to FIGS. 2A, 5, 6 and 9A and B, the lower hose assembly 142 b includes a pair of secondary hoses 154 and 156, flow regulators 158 a and 158 b, (see FIG. 6) elbow assemblies 160 a and 160 b, and dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b. Each of the secondary hoses 154 and 156 includes a flow regulator 158 a and 158 b, respectively, disposed therein. The secondary hoses 154 and 156 are partially disposed within the base assembly 20, extending into the base assembly 20 through apertures 154 c and 156 c, respectively, which are defined within the upper panel 90 of the base assembly 20. Additionally, as shown in FIG. 5, within the base assembly 20, each of the secondary hoses 154 and 156 is coupled to an elbow assembly 160 a and 160 b, respectively. A dribble hose 162 a and 162 b is coupled to each elbow assembly 160 a and 160 b, respectively. In operation, the liquid product travels through the primary hose 142, through the y-splitter 152 into the secondary hoses 154 and 156, through the flow regulators 158 a and 158 b, into the elbow assemblies 160 a and 160 b and is ejected through the dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b.

Turning to FIGS. 9A and 9B, an illustrative flow regulator 158 b is depicted. As shown, the flow regulator 158 b is disposed within a secondary hose 156, which, as can be seen in FIGS. 9A and 9B, actually includes two separate hose portions 156 a and 156 b that are coupled by the flow regulator 158 b. It should be understood that the other secondary hose 154 is similarly constructed (see, e.g., FIG. 6), having two hose portions 154 a and 154 b that are coupled using the flow regulator 158 a. Additionally, the components and configuration of the flow regulator 158 a, disposed within the secondary hose 154, are substantially the same as the components and configuration of the flow regulator 158 b, described herein.

As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the flow regulator 158 b includes a flat orifice 164 enclosed inside of a plastic barbed insert 160 and cap 162. According to embodiments of the invention, the orifice 164 is strategically placed approximately 12.5 inches from the elbow apparatus 160 b to ensure equal positive flow of liquid product. The size of the orifice 164 can be determined by desired flow rate, specific gravity of product, and volume of product to be delivered to a crop row. The flow regulator 158 b is coupled to the hose portions 156 a and 156 b using clamps 166 and 168, respectively. According to embodiments of the invention, other types of flow regulators can be used.

Turning now to FIGS. 10 and 11, and with continued reference to FIG. 5, the elbow assembly 160 b includes a first portion 170 that is coupled, at a first end 172 thereof, to the secondary hose 158 b and, at a second end 174 thereof to a mounting plate 176 having an opening (not shown) defined therein. The elbow assembly 160 b further includes a second portion 178 that is coupled, at a first end 180 thereof, to the mounting plate 176, and, at a second end 182 thereof, to the dribble hose 162 b. In embodiments, the components 170, 176, and 178 of the elbow assembly 160 b can be stainless steel and can be welded together. A stainless steel construction minimizes the possibility of rust or other corrosive damage to the base assembly 20 from the liquid product. In other embodiments, other types of material and/or mechanisms for coupling the components 170, 176, and 178 can be employed. In embodiments, the second portion 178 of the elbow assembly 160 b has a 3-5 degree turn away from the outside of the base assembly 20. According to some embodiments of the invention, the second portion 178 of the elbow assembly 160 b also has a 22-degree bend downward to assist the flow of liquid product downward toward the ground to reduce splattering.

As shown in FIG. 11, the mounting plate 176 is configured to be disposed adjacent to a blocking surface 184 disposed within the lower portion 72 of the base assembly 20. The mounting plate 176, and its position adjacent the blocking surface 184, holds the elbow assembly 106 b in place within the lower portion 72 of the base assembly 20. The second hose portion 162 b of the secondary hose 162, and the first portion 170 and the second portion 178 of the elbow assembly 160 b are configured to be disposed within the throughway 140 defined within the base assembly 20. It should be understood that a substantially similar configuration is repeated on the other side of the base assembly with respect to the secondary hose 154 and the corresponding elbow assembly 160 a.

Returning briefly to FIG. 5, the dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b are attached to the elbow assemblies 160 a and 160 b using clamps 185 a and 185 b, respectively, and can include, for example, hoses with single-strand wire enclosures of lengths varying from about 18 inches to about 36 inches, depending on the application. According to embodiments, the dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b are configured to drag on the ground as the carrier 12 (see FIG. 1) moves through a field of row crops. In other embodiments, the dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b are configured to terminate some predetermined distance above the ground. Additionally, in various embodiments, the dribble hoses 162 a and 162 b are attached to the elbow assemblies 160 a and 160 b, respectively, using an adjustable clamp, which facilitates relatively easy assembly and replacement.

FIGS. 13-16 illustrate an embodiment of a “breakaway” mounting assembly 300 for attaching the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16. The breakaway mounting assembly 300 permits the drop assembly 22 to swing from its normal position, wherein the drop assembly 22 is oriented substantially vertically fore and aft, to a breakaway position, wherein the drop assembly 22 is pivoted rearwardly with respect to the forward direction of travel (indicated by arrow 301) as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 15, in order to prevent damage to the liquid placement apparatus 18 upon encountering an obstruction or obstacle in the field, such as a rock, fence, dense vegetation, etc. In this embodiment, the breakaway mounting assembly 300 comprises a block clamp 310 having an internal periphery 312 complimentary to the exterior periphery of the boom 16 so that the block clamp 310 frictionally engages with the boom 16. The block clamp 310 includes upper and lower block halves 314, 316 which are secured together at opposing ends by clamp bolts 318 which, when tightened, will frictionally clamp the boom 16 within the interior periphery 312. Spaced flanges 320, 322 extend downwardly from the lower block half 316 to receive an eyebolt 324 therebetween. A pin 326 extends through the aligned holes in the flanges 320, 322 and through the eye of the eyebolt 324. The pin 326 includes a quick-release retaining clip 328 to retain the pin 326 in position. A forward swing stop 330 comprising a stop plate 332 which extends downwardly from the forward end of the lower block half 316. A bumper 334 is threadably secured to the plate 332. Thus, it should be appreciated that the breakaway mounting assembly 300 permits the drop assembly 22 to swing rearwardly in the event the base assembly 20 or any portion of the drop assembly 22 encounters an obstruction in the field and the forward swing stop 330 prevents the drop assembly from swinging forwardly so the drop assembly returns to the normal position, i.e, its substantially vertical hanging position.

When it is desired to remove the drop assembly 22 from the boom 16, the retaining clip 328 is released from the end of the pin 326 and the pin 326 is removed from the eye of the eyebolt 324. Additionally, when it is desired to laterally adjust the position of the drop assembly 22 along the boom 16, the clamp bolts 336 are loosened and the block clamp 310 is slid along the boom to the desired position and the clamp bolts 336 are retightened to frictionally secure the drop assembly at the desired position.

FIGS. 17-20 illustrate another embodiment of a breakaway mounting assembly 400 for attaching the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16. As with the previous embodiment, this embodiment of the breakaway mounting assembly permits the drop assembly 22 to pivot rearwardly with respect to the forward direction of travel (as indicated by arrow 401) from its normal position (i.e., substantially vertical) to the breakaway position upon encountering an obstacle in the field as indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 20. In this embodiment, the breakaway mounting assembly 400 comprises a boom mounting plate 402 having apertures 404 through which the threaded ends of U-bolts 406 are received for slidably securing the boom mounting plate 402 to the boom 16. It should be appreciated that when it is desired to laterally adjust the position of the breakaway mounting assembly 400, and thus the drop assembly 22 along the boom 16, bolts 408 are loosened and the mounting assembly 400 is slid along the boom to the desired position and the bolts 408 retightened securing the drop assembly at the desired position

A forward swing stop 410 is supported from the boom mounting plate 402. The forward swing stop 410 includes spaced flanges 412, 414 which extend rearwardly from a web plate 416. Each of the spaced flanges 412, 414 include an aperture 418 which are matingly aligned to receive a transverse pivot bolt 420, the purpose of which will be described later. A riser bracket 430 is received between the spaced flanges 412, 414 of the forward swing stop 410. The riser bracket 430 has a pair of spaced flanges 432, 434 projecting rearwardly from a web plate 436. Each of the flanges 432, 434 has an aperture 438 which matingly aligns with the apertures 418 of the forward swing stop 418 A bolt 420 extends through and pivotally secures the riser bracket 430 within the forward swing stop 410.

At an upper end portion of riser bracket 430 is a section of tube 440 fixedly secured thereto. The tube 440 supports a drop assembly coupler 450. The drop assembly coupler 450 comprises a sleeve 452 fixed at one end to a plate 454. The plate 454 is attached to the tube 440 by U-bolts 456 The other end of the sleeve 452 is open to receive the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22. The sleeve 452 includes an aperture 460 which aligns with a mating aperture in the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22, through which the pin 462 is inserted, thereby pinning upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 to the drop assembly coupler 450. When it is desired to remove the drop assembly 22 from the drop assembly coupler 450, the retainer clip 464 is released from the end of the pin 462 and the pin 462 is removed.

At a lower portion of the riser bracket 430 a magnet 470 is secured to the web member 436. The magnet 470 may vary in strength so as to sufficiently attract and retain the riser bracket 430 to the forward swing stop 410 during operation until a sufficient force (due to impact with the ground surface or other obstruction) is exerted to overcome the magnetic force. In one example, magnet 470 is threadably secured to the riser bracket 430 using a bolt or screw; however, it is contemplated that magnet 470 could be fixedly secured to at any position on the riser bracket 430 using a weldment. Magnet 470 retains drop assembly 22 in the normal position (i.e., substantially vertical) position during operation; however, as illustrated in FIG. 20, it also permits the riser bracket 430—and drop assembly 22 to pivot rearwardly about bolt 420, in the event the base assembly 20 or any portion of the drop assembly 22 encounters an obstruction in the field. After the obstruction has passed, riser bracket 430 again pivots about bolt 420, allowing the drop assembly 22 to move forwardly where it is retained again by magnet 470 in a substantially vertical (operating) position.

FIG. 21 illustrates another embodiment of a breakaway mounting assembly 500 for attaching the drop assembly 22 to the boom 16. As with the previous embodiments, this embodiment of the breakaway mounting assembly permits the drop assembly 22 to pivot rearwardly with respect to the forward direction of travel (as indicated by arrow 501) from its normal position (i.e., substantially vertical) to the breakaway position upon encountering an obstacle in the field. The breakaway mounting assembly 500 is coupled to boom 16 by a mounting plate 502 and U-bolts 504. A forward swing stop bracket 506 is fixed to and extends downwardly from the mounting plate 502. Pivot plates 508, 510 are spaced laterally on each side of the forward swing stop bracket 506 and are pivotally attached thereto by pivot pin 512. A sleeve 514 is fixed to the rearward end of the pivot plates. The sleeve 514 is adapted to receive the upper portion 32 of the drop assembly 22 and is removably retained therein by a pin 516. A magnet 520 is attached by a weldment or other suitable means to the lower end of the forward swing stop bracket 506 to magnetically retain the drop assembly in substantially vertical orientation until the drop assembly 22 impacts an obstruction with sufficient force to overcome the magnetic attraction allowing the drop assembly, together with the sleeve 514 and pivot plates 508. 510 to pivot about the pivot pin 512.

Various embodiments of the invention have been described above for purposes of illustrating the details thereof and to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The details and features of the disclosed embodiments are not intended to be limiting, as many variations and modifications will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to be interpreted broadly and to include all variations and modifications coming within the scope of the appended claims and their legal equivalents. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A liquid dispensing apparatus for delivering liquid product to row crops in a field, comprising: a boom extending transverse to a forward direction of travel and disposed a vertical distance above a soil surface; a plurality of drop assemblies, each of the plurality of drop assemblies having a riser, the riser having a length defined by an upper end and a lower end, the upper end proximate the boom, the lower end extending a distance below the boom, each of the drop assemblies including dribble hoses supported proximate the lower end of the riser; liquid delivery hoses communicating liquid product from a liquid product source to the dribble hoses of each of the plurality of drop assemblies; a breakaway mounting assembly pivotally attaching the riser of each of the plurality of drop assemblies to the boom, each breakaway mounting assembly comprising: a forward swing stop bracket having an upper end and a lower end, the upper end adjustably fixed to the boom, the lower end extending downwardly from the boom a distance between the upper end of the riser and the lower end of the riser; a riser bracket having an upper end, a lower end, a forward end and a rearward end, the forward end extending toward the boom, the rearward end extending rearwardly away from the boom, the upper, forward end of the riser bracket pivotally attached proximate the upper end of the forward swing stop bracket about a pivot axis, the upper end of the riser supported by the rearward end of the riser bracket such that the upper end of the riser is at or below the pivot axis and rearward of the pivot axis; a magnet disposed between the lower end of the forward swing stop bracket and at least one of the riser and the lower end of the riser bracket, the magnet having a magnetic retention force sufficient to retain the riser in a normal operating position wherein the riser is substantially vertically oriented and wherein the at least one of the riser and the lower end of the riser bracket is in magnetic engagement with the forward swing stop bracket, the riser being retained in the normal operating position by the magnetic retention force until the lower end of the riser encounters an obstruction that exerts a force sufficient to overcome the magnetic retention force, whereupon the riser bracket pivots rearwardly about the pivot axis to a breakaway position in which the at least one of the riser and the lower end of the riser bracket is out of magnetic engagement with the lower end of the forward swing stop bracket until the obstruction is passed, whereupon the riser bracket pivots forwardly about the pivot axis and returns to the normal operating position.
 2. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the forward swing stop bracket prevents the riser from pivoting forwardly beyond vertical.
 3. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the breakaway mounting assembly includes a coupler, the coupler vertically adjustably receiving the upper end of the riser.
 4. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least a lower portion of the length of the riser is rigid.
 5. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the rigid lower portion of the riser is flexibly coupled to an upper portion of the length of the riser, such that the rigid lower portion is capable of deflecting with respect to the upper portion.
 6. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dribble hoses are directed outwardly with respect to the riser and rearwardly with respect to the forward direction of travel.
 7. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of drop assemblies includes a triangular shaped base assembly which diverges outwardly with respect to the vertical support member and rearwardly with respect to the forward direction of travel, and wherein the dribble hoses are supported by the triangular shaped base assembly.
 8. The liquid dispensing apparatus of claim 7, wherein the triangular shaped base assembly includes throughways through which the liquid product is communicated to the dribble hoses. 